"한국에서는 신발을 신은 채로 집에 들어가면 안 돼요." ( “In Korea, you shouldn’t enter the house with your shoes on.”) "텔레비전을 켠 채로 잠들었어요." (“I fell asleep with the television on.”) Both sentences use the form ‘-ㄴ 채로 / -은 채로’ after a verb. What does this expression mean? Today, we’ll learn the grammar ‘Verb-ㄴ 채로 / -은 채로’ , which is used when one action or state remains unchanged while something else happens. 💡 Usage ‘-ㄴ 채로 / -은 채로’ is attached to a verb stem and is used to express that a certain action or state remains unchanged. ↳ It’s often used when one action or state continues while another action occurs. You can shorten it to ‘-ㄴ 채 / -은 채.’ Similar expressions include ‘-아/어 놓은 채로,’ ‘-둔 채로,’ ‘-고 있는 채로.’ 📘 Explanation 1. Verb-은 채로 "신발을 신은 채로 집에 들어가면 안 돼요." (“You shouldn’t enter the house with your shoes on.”) ① Form 신다 + 은 채로 → Here, ‘신은 채로’ is formed by attaching ‘-은 채로’ to the verb ‘신다 (to wear on feet).’ Since the verb stem ‘신-’ ...
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Learn Korean | Korean Grammar 111: A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
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In this lesson, we're going to learn 'A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다'.
사진을 찍으면 안 돼요? – 네, 사진을 찍으면 안 됩니다.
If you want to watch the lesson in Korean with English subtitles, please click the link below.
(Excuse me but am I not allowed to take a picture here?) - 관리자: 네, 사진을 찍으면 안 됩니다. 미술관에서는 사진을 찍을 수 없습니다.
(No, you are not allowed to take a picture. You cannot take pictures at the museum.)
Here, the grammar we're going to learn today is '찍으면 안 돼요? and 찍으면 안됩니다'.
2. Usage
A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
► '으면/면 안 돼요' attaches after an adjective/verb stem.
► 으면/면 (어미) + 안 (부정 부사) + 되다 (동사)
- It is a combination of the ending '으면/면', the negative adverb '안', and the verb '되다.'
► 1) If you use it in a 'question sentence,' you can use it when you ask the other person for permission. It has a similar meaning to 'adjective/verb-아도/어도/해도 되다'
► 2) If you use it in a 'declarative sentence', you can use it when you don't allow certain actions or states. It is used to prohibit something
3. Example Sentences
✎ 여기에서 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요? (찍다 + 으면 안 되다? → to ask permission)
(Can't I take a picture?)
– 네, 사진을 찍으면 안 됩니다. (찍다 + 으면 안 되다. → the action is not allowed)
(No, you should not take a picture)
✎ 밤에 전화하면 안 돼요? (전화하다 + 면 안 되다? → to ask permission) (Can't I call you at night?)
- 네, 밤에 전화하면 안 돼요. (전화하다 + 면 안 되다. → the action is not allowed) (No, you can't call at night.')
4. How to answer '-으면/면 안 되다?' (negative question)
A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
✎ 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요? (Can't I take a picture?)
1) Not Allowed: 네, 사진을 찍으면 안 돼요. (=네, 안 돼요.) (찍다 + 으면 안 되다) (lit. Yes, you are not allowed to take a picture.)
2) Allowed: 아니요. 사진을 찍어도 돼요. (=아니요. 돼요.) (찍다 + 어도 되다) (lit. No, you are allowed to take a picture.)
5. Double negative expressions
A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
- 안 A/V-으면/면 안 되다= A/V-지 않으면 안 되다
(1) Using 안 negative expression, '안 A/V-으면/면 안 되다' is the combination of '안', adjective/verb and '–(으)면 안 되다'.
(2) Using '-지 않다', 'A/V-지 않으면 안 된다' is the combination of adjective/verb, '-지 않다' and '-으면 안 되다'.
→ They are used to emphasize the meaning of 'must do something'.
= (꼭/반드시=without fail, certainly) A/V-아야/어야/해야 되다
✎ 미소: 우리 이제 가야 돼요. (We have to go now.) 나나: 지금 안 가면 안 돼요? (=가지 않으면 안 돼요? → 꼭 가야 돼요?) (Can't we not go now? which means 'Should we go now?) 미소: 네, 지금 안 가면 안 돼요. (=가지 않으면 안 돼요. 꼭 가야 돼요.)
(No, you can't go now. which means 'No, you should go now.') 지금 가지 않으면 늦을 거예요.
(If we don't go now, we will be late.)
→ When negative expressions are used for '-(으)면 안 되다', it means 'you must do something.'
6. Combination Information - It attaches after an adjective/a verb stem.
- When an adjective/verb stem has the final consonant, '-으면 안 되다' is used.
1) Final Consonant O : -으면 안 되다 - 찍다 (take) + 으면 안 되다 → 찍으면 안 되다 - 앉다 (sit) + 으면 안 되다 → 앉으면 안 되다
-When an adjective/verb stem does not have the final consonant, '면 안 되다' is used.
2) Final Consonant X: -면 안 되다 - 가다 (go) + 면 안 되다 → 가면 안 되다 - 오다 (come) + 면 안 되다 → 오면 안 되다
-When an adjective/a verb stem ends with the final consonant ‘ㄹ’, add '-면 안 되다' even if there is a final consonant 3) Final Consonant ㄹ: (ㄹ drop) + -면 안 되다 - 만들다 (make) + 면 안 되다 → 만들면 안 되다 - 울다 (cry) + 면 안 되다 → 울면 안 되다
A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
7. Practice ✎ 저 먼저 집에 가면 안 돼요? (가다 + 면 안 되다?) (Can't I go home first?) ✎ 여기에 앉으면 안 돼요. (앉다 + 으면 안 되다.) (You can't sit here.) ✎ 수업 시간에 떠들면 안 돼요. (떠뜰다 + 면 안 되다) (You can't talk in class.)
(A short conversation & Pronunciation)
A/V-으면 안 되다/면 안 되다
- 지안: 선생님, 한국어 시험을 볼 때 사전을 사용해도 돼요?
(Teacher, can I use the dictionary when taking the Korean test?)
- 선생님: 종이 사전은 사용해도 되지만, 핸드폰이나 전자 사전은 사용하면 안 돼요. (You can use a paper dictionary, but not a mobile phone or electronic dictionary.)
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